Lock.



A. ARENS.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED um: 23. 19:5.

' 1,23,03, Patented 0613. 29, 1918.

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AUGUST ARENS, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN HARDWARE CORPORATION, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORA- TION OF CONNECTICUT.

LOCK.

Patented Oct. 29, M8.

Application filed June 23, 1915. Serial No. 35,818.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, AUGUST Annns, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

This inventionrelates particularly to cylinder locks, which, as is well known, are screwed into place in a lock case which contains a dead bolt and dead bolt latch, the lock operating first to release the latch, and then throw the dead bolt. The ordinary single change locks (where no master key is provided for) are of rather small and compact construction and comprise the usual lock cylinder provided with a rotary key plug and pin tumbler mechanism, and a throwing cam directly connected to' the key plug. For a master lock it has been necessary to increase the size of the cylinder in order to permit of the insertion of the master sleeve which surrounds the key plug and still provide sufficient operating space for the usual pin tumbler mechanism. Since the diameter of the cylinder of a master lock is increased over that of a single change lock, it immediately becomes apparent that special lock cases are required to take the larger size cylinder, and the position of the dead bolt and deadbolt latch must be adjusted to the increased size of the cylinder and case. From the standpoint of the manufacturer, material economies are provided in having as great a degree of uniformity as possible in the product. From the standpoint of the user, uniformity, especially as to size, and interchangeability are of importance. At the present time it is impossible to change over a single change lock to a master lock, and if the one is to be replaced by the other an entirelynew complete mechanism is required of substantially different size. If the change'be from the smaller to the larger size, new mortises must be out; if the change be from the larger to the smaller size, the old large mortise must be filled in.

The object of the present invention is to provide a master lock of uniform size with the single change lock so that the one may be substituted for the other by merely unscrewing one from the lock case and replacing it with the other. One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying. drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view of the lock case with the cylinder lock in place.

Fig. 2 is a central section of a cylinder lock embodying my invention, in the plane of the pin tumbler sockets.

Fig. 3 is an inner end view of a cylinder lock with the throwing cam and eccentric ring removed.

Fig. 4 is a group view of detached parts of the cylinder lock structure illustrating one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a View similar to Fig. 1, but showing the lock in position ready to throw the bolt.

Fig. 6 is a detail view of a pin tumbler driver made in accordance With my invention.

The insertion of a master key in the cylinder of an ordinary single change lock required bringing the center of the key plug nearer to the center of the cylinder than is usual, and this necessitated a reconstruction of the pin tumbler mechanism to adapt it to the smaller space left for its installation and operation. It was then necessary to provide a suflieient projection of the throwing cam to bring it into operative relation with the latch and dead bolt in order that a master cylinder might be entirely interchangeable with a single change cylinder.

Referring now to the drawings, a denotes the lock case, 7) the dead bolt, 0 the spring pressed tumbler movable with the dead bolt, and (Z the stud on the case with which the tumbler interlocks. The lock, indicated generally ate is screwed into the case in such a position that upon the rotation of the key plug the throwing cam will be brought into opprative relation with the tumbler and dead bo t.

Referring to Figs. 2 to 4 inclusive, 1 tie notes a lock cylinder provided with radial sockets 2 for the reception of the pin tumbler mechanism 3, longitudinally bored at one side of its center opposite the pin tumbler mechanism to receive the rotatable master sleeve 4, within which is rotatably fitted the key plug 5, to which is connected the throwing cam 6. The master sleeve of course has radial apertures in alinement with the sockets and in which sections of the pin tumblers are located. The inner ends of these pin tumbler sections, in some cases resting on balls, project into the slot of the key plug, the insertion of the ordinary key displacing these pin tumbler sections axially to unlock the key plug from the master cylinder and allow its rotation relative thereto,-but leaving the master cylinder locked; the insertion of the master key or'grand master key displaces these pin tumbler sections axially so as to unlock the master sleeve from the cylinder, leaving it locked to the-key plug to rotate therewith.

The pin tumbler mechanism includes parts known as drivers, shown in detail in Fig. 6, one being located in each slot in the cylinder and spring-pressed inwardly against theppin tumbler sections. In order to permit of the desired compact construction, I form these drivers with heads 10 and short reduced stems 11, the springslQfitting about these stems and bearing against the back of the heads. This construction provides a suflicient amount of spring and economizes space to the greatest possible extent.

In the ordinary single change lock, the center of the key plug is spaced a suflicient distance from the center of the cylinder to give a proper projection to the throwing cam in order to bring it into operative position with relation to the latch and dead bolt, the throwing cam being directly connected to the key plug. When a master key is located in a cylinder plug as small as-the ordinary single change cylinder, it is necessary to carry the center of the key plug, which is the center of the master sleeve, considerably nearer to the center of the cylinder, which would not give sufficient projection to the throwing ca-m unless specialprovision for that purpose is made. To. accomplishthis the master sleeve is shortened up slightly to provide a recess in the rear end of the cylinder, as indicated at 15, concentric with the key plug, and in this recessis fitted an cecentric ring 16, held against rotation relative tothe cylinder as-by the. ears 17, lying in thenotches 18. This ring is-recessed-eccentricallywith relation to the key, plug. .The throwing cam has ahub 20 on its underside, which fits the recess in the eccentric ring, the hub being of ring formation in order to have sullicient clearance to accommodate the movement of the throwing cam relative to the end' of the key plug which projects through it. A-connector 25 is slotted as at 26 to receive thefiattenedend 27 of the key plug, causing it to rotate with the keyplug but permitting ittomove transversely thereof. It is also connected to the throwingcam by apivotal pin 30. The eccentric ring,

throwing cam, and connector are. held position by the washer. 35,;secured inposidisplaced.

When the key plug is in its normal locked position, the point of greatest throw of the eccentric is radially outside of the key plug,

with the result that the throwing cam is retracted, bringing its end within the bounda riesof. the cylinder, oil'ering no obstruction to screwing the cylinder into or out of the case.

From the foregoing. description it will be seen that as the key plug is rotated by the key the connector causes the rotation of the throwing cam, which through its rotation in the. eccentric recess is caused to move transversely of. the key plug, carrying with it of course the connector, this transverse movement being of sufficient extent to project the cam into operative position with respect to the latch and dead bolt.

It is obvious that the novel feature of the pin tumbler, mechanism described is adapted for use in any pin tumbler lock, and that the connecting mechanism between the key plug and throwing cam, which may be-susceptible of various modifications or alterations, is adapted for use in cylinder locks of various sizes. The point I wish to make is that while this construction does permit of making a master lock in the same size as the ordinary single change lock, questions of size are not to be taken as limitations on the inventions here disclosed.

I claim as my invention 1. In a lock of the character described, a cylinder, a master sleeve, akey plug, tumblers, a throwing cam, a connector interposed between said plug and cam to cause the rotation of said cam, and means operating upon said cam tomove it eccentrically of said plug and sleeve during its rotation.

2. In a lock of the character described, a cylinder, a key plug rotarily mounted therein, an eccentric ring located in a recess at the rear end of the cylinder, a cam provided with a hub fitting. and rotatable in said eccentric ring, and a connector between said cam and key plug.

3.111 a lock of the character described, a cylinder, a key plug rotarily mounted therein, an eccentric ring located in I a recess at the rear end of the cylinder, a cam provided with a hub fitting and rotatable in said eccentric ring, and a connector rotatable with said key plug and engaged with said cam. i

4:- In a lock of the character. described, a cylinder, a key plug rotarily mounted therein, an eccentric ring located in a recess .at the rear end of the cylinder, acam protable with said key plug and engaged with said cam, said cam and connector being movable eccentrically of said plug;

5. In a lock of the character described, a cylinder, a key plug eccentrically mounted therein, tumblers, a throwing cam, a connector pivotally connected with said throwing cam, a driving connection between said connector and key plug, and means mounted in said cylinder and cooperating with said cam to impart to the latter during its rotation a motion eccentric with relation to said key plug.

6. In a lock of the character described, a cylinder, a master sleeve, a key plug eccentrically mounted therein, tumblers, a throwing cam, means interposed between the key plug and cam to communicate the rotation of the former to the latter, and means for imparting to said cam during its rotation a motion eccentric to said sleeve and plug.

7 In a lock of the character described, a cylinder, a key plug eccentrically mounted therein, tumblers, a throwing cam, a connector slotted to receive the flattened end of said key plug and adapted for movement transversely thereof, a pin pivotally connccting said connector with said cam, a ring mounted in a recess at the rear end of said cylinder provided with a recess arranged eccentrically with respect to said key plug, and a hub on said cam fitting in said eccentric recess.

8. In a lock of the character described, a cylinder, a key plug eccentrically mounted therein, tumblers, a throwing cam, a connector separate from but interposed between said plug and cam to cause the rotation of the latter, and means operating upon said cam to move it transversely of said plug during its rotation. I

9. In a lock of the character described, a cylinder, a master sleeve, a key plug, tumblers, a throwing cam, and a differential connection between said key plug and said cam including an eccentric ring and a connector to cause eccentric movement of said cam by the rotation of said plug.

' AUGUST ARENS.

Witnesses:

NEWTON G. CURTIS, WILLIAM V. COLLINS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Eatents,

Washington, D. 0. 

